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Sum of Evenly Spaced Numbers via the Middle

A run of consecutive or evenly spaced numbers adds up to the middle value times the count (or pairs with a constant sum). Children first add short runs, then generalize to long sequences and grid relations where pairing collapses a tedious sum into one product. The insight reappears as the arithmetic-series shortcut.

grade 2–4 Base-ten numbersOperations Look for a PatternIdentify Subproblems

Builds on: Multiplication as Equal Groups

Progression (5)

g4 1. Sum a repeating number sequence Operations · foundational
g3 2. Sum consecutive numbers via the middle OperationsBase-ten numbers · core
g3 3. Consecutive integers around a middle value Operations · core
g3 4. Sum of evenly spaced numbers equals middle times count Operations · core
g4 5. Pair consecutive numbers with constant sum Operations · advanced

Bridges to competition (7)

Reasoning problems that extend this idea toward competition:

Simplify long sums using regularity Pattern & rule → Arithmetic Expression Decomposition
Express a number as consecutive sums Number arrangement → Small-Domain Constrained Search
Sum shaded numbers in an array Pattern & rule → Lattice / Grid Pattern from Small Cases
Sum of a rectangle in a number grid Pattern & rule → Lattice / Grid Pattern from Small Cases
Sum of consecutive numbers by pairing Pattern & rule → Pair-Sum Invariant
Simplify long add-subtract chains Invariant → Pair-Sum Invariant
Fast sums using pattern and symmetry Invariant → Pair-Sum Invariant

Leads to competition types: Arithmetic Expression DecompositionLattice / Grid Pattern from Small CasesPair-Sum InvariantSmall-Domain Constrained Search