Fractions & Decimals

Problem

Compare the next digit to fill a blank in decimals

Each box can hold any digit 0-9. Three labeled numbers are (A) 79.□98, (B) 7□.096, (C) 70.0□2. No matter what digits fill the boxes, order the three labels from least to greatest.
Fractions
Your answer
How to solve
Strategy Make a Systematic List — Each number can only range over a small interval as its box runs 0-9. If those intervals do not overlap, the order is fixed for all choices. So we find the smallest-and-largest possible value of each label and compare the ranges.
1STEP 1

Find each label's possible range

As the box runs 0-9, C ranges 70.002 to 70.092, B ranges 70.096 to 79.096, A ranges 79.098 to 79.998.

C∈[70.002,70.092], B∈[70.096,79.096], A∈[79.098,79.998]
2STEP 2

Compare C with B

C's max (70.092) is below B's min (70.096), so every C is less than every B.

70.092 less than 70.096 → C less than B
3STEP 3

Compare B with A

B's max (79.096) is below A's min (79.098), so every B is less than every A.

79.096 less than 79.098 → B less than A
Answer
C, B, A
The three ranges [70.002, 70.092], [70.096, 79.096], [79.098, 79.998] are disjoint and line up in the order C, then B, then A, so the ordering holds for every digit choice. Spot check (boxes all 9): C=70.092 less than B=79.096 less than A=79.998. Correct.
Takeaway

Find the lowest and highest each number can be - if the ranges don't overlap, the order is locked in!

  • Find each label's possible range
  • Compare C with B
  • Compare B with A
Where next?
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▶ Practice — 9 problems